Aquifers shown on the 2003PrincipalAquifers map, with some additions, were used as the first National AquiferReferenceList in the USGSNational Water Information System(NWIS) in theAggregate Water Use Data System(AWUDS,database released in August 2001). Aquifer Code Name. The appropriate component aquifer should be used instead of Northern Great Plains. This area corresponds to the principal recharge zone for the aquifers. The characterization of the state's groundwater resources and the development of the maps depicting these aquifers have been accomplished by many staff members of the TWDB over many years. In Texas, the Panhandle is the most extensive region irrigated with groundwater. 1700 North Congress Avenue, Austin, TX 78701 TEL: 512-463-7847 / FAX: 512-475-2053. Official websites use .gov The Edwards (BFZ) aquifer forms a narrow belt extending through 13 counties from a groundwater divide in Kinney County through the San Antonio area northeastward to the Leon River in Bell County. Water levels have declined in the Winter Garden area because of irrigation pumping and in the northeastern part of the aquifer because of municipal pumping. Increased salinity may be associated with evaporative concentration of groundwater in saline playa lakes in the southern portion of the aquifer, up flow of more saline groundwater from the underlying Dockum Aquifer and other sources./p>. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. 1, Management plan information for Gateway GCD, Predictive simulations for the Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 7, Predictive simulation for the Ogallala and Edwards-Trinity (High Plains) aquifers in Groundwater Management Area 2, Management plan information for Llano Estacado UWCD, Management plan information for Garza County UWCD, Management plan information for Sandy Land UWCD, Predictive simulations for the Ogallala Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 1, Predictive simulations for the Ogallala Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area2, Initial and final water volumes for the simulations presented in GAM Run 08-085, Predictive simulation for the Ogallala Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 2, Management plan information for Garza County Underground and FWCD, Management plan information for Mesa UWCD, Management plan information for Permian Basin UWCD, Management plan information for Panhandle GCD, Management plan information for Glasscock GCD, Management plan information for South Plains UWCD, Predictive simulations for the Ogallala Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 2, Volume calculations for the Ogallala Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 1, Volume calculations and pump rates for the Ogallala Aquifer in Groundwater Management Area 1, Analysis using specified depletions for districts in Groundwater Management Area 1, Management plan information for North Plains GCD, Water budget and GIS information for the Ogallala Aquifer in Hemphill County, Saturated thickness shapefile for the Ogallala Aquifer in Hemphill County, Saturated thickness shapefile for the Ogallala Aquifer in Hemphill County (zip file), Saturated thickness maps for the Ogallala Aquifer in Region A, Groundwater volumes for the Ogallala Aquifer in Randall and Oldham counties, Comparison of groundwater volumes between GR 04-13 and GR 05-09 for the Ogallala Aquifer in Region A, Saturated thickness, groundwater volumes, and water level maps for the Ogallala Aquifer in Region A, Various pumping scenarios for the Ogallala Aquifer in Hemphill County, Water budget and volume of water in storage for Hemphill County using a predictive simulation, Saturated thickness map for the Ogallala (north) Aquifer, Recharge rates per model cell in the Ogallala (north) Aquifer GAM, Groundwater in storage for Region A using a 1.25% annual depletion rate, Hydraulic conductivity data for the Ogallala Aquifer GAMs, Volumetric calculations for all counties in Llano Estacado Regional Water Planning Group, Groundwater volume in each county-basin zone of Region O (Llano Estacado), Determine pumping rate equivalent to a volume depletion rate of no more than 1% per year, Predictive run with Region O provided increase in irrigation pumping, Water table declines and water budget in South Plains UWCD, Groundwater volume in each county-basin zone of Region O (Llano Estacado) Clarification memo, Water budget and total available storage for the Ogallala Aquifer in Permian Basin UWCD, Volume of water in storage and recharge information for the Ogallala Aquifer in High Plains UWCD No. You may need to request the addition of Alluvial aquifers to the list of aquifers valid in your State. In 2008, 72 percent of groundwater pumped from the aquifer was used for irrigation, and the rest is withdrawn for industrial uses, power supply, and municipal use. Although referred to differently in different parts of the state, they include the Antlers, Glen Rose, Paluxy, Twin Mountains, Travis Peak, Hensell, and Hosston aquifers. 1700 North Congress Avenue, Austin, TX 78701TEL: 512-463-7847 / FAX: 512-475-2053, Asset Management Program for Small Systems, State Water Implementation Fund for Texas (SWIFT), Guidance & References for Online Loan Application, State Water Implementation Fund for Texas, 6th Planning Cycle Information (2026 RWPs), 2021 Regional Water Plans & Previous Plans, Regional Water Planning Data Entry Application (RWP22) Training, District Information (O-Z and Other Districts), Extended Naturalize Flow and Reservoir Evaporation, Flood Planning Useful Links and Resources, Drought Response and Financial Assistance, Water Conservation Plan ~ Utility Profile, Historical Water Loss Audit and Conservation Annual Report Data, Industrial, Commercial & Institutional (ICI), Brackish Resources Aquifer Characterization System, Notice of Nondiscrimination and Reasonable Accommodation, Texas Natural Resources Information System (TNRIS), Texas Water Infrastructure Coordination Committee (TWICC). It is part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System. The Ogallala aquifer extends through 48 counties of the Texas Panhandle and is the southernmost extension of the largest aquifer (High Plains aquifer) in North America. A major aquifer is generally defined as supplying large quantities of water in large areas of the state. The Catahoula Aquifer is considered an Alternative Water Source (AWS) in Montgomery County. The Ogallala Aquifer provides significantly more water for users than any other aquifer in the state. Results of the Regional A, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, VA 20192, Region 2: South Atlantic-Gulf (Includes Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands), Region 12: Pacific Islands (American Samoa, Hawaii, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands), Unconsolidated and semiconsolidated sand and gravel aquifers, Regional Groundwater Availability Studies, North and South Carolina Atlantic Coastal Plain, Pennsylvanian and Mississippian Aquifers of the Appalachian Plateaus, Groundwater, Aquifers, Wells, and Springs, Minor aquifers, confining units, and areas identified as "not a principal aquifer", Quality of groundwater used for public supply in the continental United States: A comprehensive assessment, Principal aquifers [of the United States]. Below are other webpages associated with principal aquifers. 9999--Areas that are not a national aquifer. The aquifer underlies an extensive area in south-central Texas extending along the Balcones fault zone from Kinney County eastward to San Antonio, and thence northeastward to Hays County. About 60 percent of the approximately 16 million acre-feet of water used yearly in Texas is derived from underground formations that make up 9 major and 22 minor aquifers. Texas has numerous aquifers capable of producing groundwater for households, municipalities, industry, farms, and ranches. Aprincipal aquiferis defined as a regionally extensive aquifer or aquifer system that has the potential to be used as a source of potable (drinkable) water. Freshwater saturated thickness averages 95 feet. Surficial deposits of glacial origin (New Jersey) should be included in Sand and gravel aquifers (glaciated regions). Summary The Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer is a major aquifer extending from the Louisiana border to the border of Mexico in a wide band adjacent to and northwest of the Gulf Coast Aquifer. In the south, the Trinity includes the Glen Rose and underlying Travis Peak formations. San Antonio This map, which was derived fromGround Water Atlas of the United Statesdata (published as part of the National Atlas in 1998, revised 2003) indicates the areal extent of the uppermost principal aquifers on a national scale. Note that alluvial aquifers north of the limit of continental glaciation are included inSand and gravel aquifers (glaciated regions). The pages below contain descriptionsand maps of these main aquifer types: These pages, formerly hosted at ourAquifer Basicswebsite,provide ageneral summary of information published in the Ground Water Atlas of the United States. 400--Carbonate-rock aquifers. Guadalupe runs dry with rainfall scarce. Consisting of up to 1,500 feet of alluvial fill, the aquifer occupies two hydrologically separate basins: the Pecos Trough in the west and the Monument Draw Trough in the east. Aquifers are identified by a geohydrologic unit code - a three-digit number related to the age of the formation, followed by a 4 or 5 character abbreviation for the geologic unit or aquifer name. Years of heavy pumpage have caused significant water-level declines in portions of the aquifer. It is the third most important groundwater resource in Texas after the Edwards and the Ogallala aquifers. The EAA has an active program to educate the public on water conservation and also operates several active groundwater recharge sites. This system has been divided into three major water-producing components referred to as the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers. About 55 percent of all water used in Texas was sourced through aquifers in 2019. The U.S. Geological Survey prepared this dataset in cooperation with the Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, City of Houston, Fort Bend Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groun . Water Systems Aquifers play a major role in providing water to many parts of Texas. Below are publications associated with principal aquifers. These aquifers are a critical source of water for Texas, supplying 55 percent of the 14.7 million acre-feet of water used in the state in 2020. The largest area of groundwater-level decline in the Ogallala aquifer was found in Gaines County to the southwest of Denver City, Texas. Entriesinitalicsare no longer valid.To learn more about a specific aquifer, visit the Principal Aquifers websitefor an overview, or access more extensive information from theGround Water Atlas of the United States. Last fall while exploring for oil and gas deposits in southwest Texas, a driller instead found a huge freshwater deep aquifer. Total dissolved solids increase from less than 1,000 milligrams per liter in the east and southeast to between 1,000 and 5,000 milligrams per liter, or slightly to moderately saline, as the depth to the aquifer increases. Water-level declines in excess of 200 feet have occurred in Reeves and Pecos counties but have slowed since the mid-1970s with the decrease in irrigation pumpage. The Ogallala Aquifer is the largest aquifer in the United States and is a major aquifer of Texas underlying much of the High Plains region. The Hueco Bolson, located on the eastern side of the Franklin Mountains, consists of up to 9,000 feet of clay, silt, sand, and gravel and is an important source of drinking water for both El Paso and Juarez, Mexico. For an overview ofprincipalaquifers:The principal water-yielding aquifers of North America can be grouped into five types by rock type and location: unconsolidated and semiconsolidated sand and gravel aquifers, sandstone aquifers, carbonate-rock aquifers, aquifers in interbedded sandstone and carbonate rocks, and aquifers in igneous and metamorphic rocks. The Aggregate Water-Use Data System (AWUDS) is the database management system used to enter, store, and analyze state aggregate water-use data. The presence of contaminants in a source water can constrain its suitability for drinking. The Texas Water Development Board (TWDB) recognizes 9 major aquifers aquifers that produce large amounts of water over large areas (see major aquifers map) and 22 minor aquifers aquifers that produce minor amounts of water over large areas or large amounts of water over small areas (see minor aquifers map ). These aquifers consist of limestones, sands, clays, gravels, and conglomerates. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. The first 62 editions of the Texas Almanac are fully searchable to aid researchers and students of Texas history. ASR is the process of capturing water from heavy rainfall and injecting it into underground water wells where it is stored for later use. The aquifer consists of sand, gravel, clay, and silt and has a maximum thickness of 800 feet. Whether you are a teacher or home-school parent, you will find our Teacher's Guide to be an invaluable tool for teaching all things Texas to your students. Aquifers are identified by a geohydrologic unit code-a three-digit number related to the age of the formation, followed by a 4 or 5 character abbreviation for the geologic unit or aquifer name. This dataset, published in 2002, represents the extent of the alluvial and glacial aquifers north of the southern-most line of glaciation. The aquifer now provides approximately 90 percent of the citys drinking water. Delineations of the downdip boundaries of such aquifers as the Edwards (BFZ), Trinity, and Carrizo-Wilcox are based on chemical quality criteria. It is absent in a broad area extending from the north central portion of the county continuing to the south, southwest part of Gillespie County. Eastward-flowing streams during the Quaternary Period deposited discontinuous beds of poorly sorted gravel, sand, silt, and clay that were later dissected by erosion, resulting in the isolated remnants of the formation. The Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer is a major aquifer extending from the Louisiana border to the border of Mexico in a wide band adjacent to and northwest of the Gulf Coast Aquifer. Edwards (Balcones Fault Zone) (San Antonio-oriented) Semiconsolidated aquifers consist of semiconsolidated sand interbedded with silt, clay, and minor carbonate rocks Sandstone aquifers are more widespread than those in all other kinds of consolidated rocks. Center the map where you want the center of your print, enter a title in the textbox and choose a page size for your print using the drop down. Some water-bearing formations dip below the surface and are covered by other formations. Municpal water use in 2008 accounted for 87 percent of total use from the Hueco-Mesilla Bolson. in Texas. A lock () or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. In 2008, municipal uses accounted for 62 percent and irrigation accounted for 25 percent of the total pumpage from the aquifer. For the area tool click points on the map to begin building the polygon you want to measure and then double click to close the polygon. Map of major and minor aquifers in Texas. Located in the upper Pecos River Valley of West Texas, this aquifer, formerly called the Cenozoic Pecos Alluvium, extends through 12 counties. Located west of the Franklin Mountains, the Mesilla Bolson reaches up to 2,000 feet in thickness and contains three separate water-producing zones. The aquifer is comprised of the Twin Mountains, Glen Rose, Paluxy, Hosston, and Hensell formations. The first publication of the core of the national aquifer list in a comprehensive manner was theGround Water Atlas of the United States(USGS Hydrologic Atlas 730, published in 2000) published as part of the National Atlas in 1998, revised 2003. The aquifer is comprised of the Twin Mountains, Glen Rose, Paluxy, Hosston, and Hensell formations. Adopt the TX Town or County of your choice and share your message with the world. Water-use data collected using this list of aquifers will be published in. Browse our curated list of helpful links for students and researchers. This dataset documents the depth to groundwater measured in wells screened in the Chicot, Evangeline, and Jasper aquifers in the Houston-Galveston region, Texas for 2019. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS In general, groundwater is fresh but very hard in the outcrop of the aquifer. These declines are primarily attributed to municipal pumping, but they have slowed over the past decade as a result of increasing reliance on surface water. In scattered places in the United States, carbonate rocks are interbedded with almost equal amounts of water-yielding sandstone. Throughout much of the aquifer, groundwater withdrawals exceed the amount of recharge, and water levels have declined fairly consistently through time. To learn more, visit theNational Aquifer Code Reference List. The Wilcox Group and overlying Carrizo Sand form a hydrologically connected system of sand locally interbedded with clay, silt, lignite, and gravel. New and Environmentally Improved. In cooperation with Harris-Galveston Subsidence District, the City of Houston, Fort Bend County Subsidence District, Lone Star Groundwater Conservation District, and Brazoria County Groundwater Conservation District, the U.S. Geological Survey Texas Water Science Center Gulf Coast . About 55 percent of all water used in Texas was sourced through aquifers in 2019. These data delineate the areal extent of the alluvial and glacial aquifers as defined in The Ground Water Atlas of The United States. Get your free copy of the 20202021 Texas Almanac eBook. General Information Letters and Private Letter Rulings, State Tax Automated Research (STAR) System, Historically Underutilized Business (HUB), Vendor Performance Tracking System (VPTS), Texas Procurement and Contract Management Guide, Minnie Stevens Piper Foundation College Compendium. 1700 North Congress Avenue, Austin, TX 78701TEL: 512-463-7847 / FAX: 512-475-2053, Asset Management Program for Small Systems, State Water Implementation Fund for Texas (SWIFT), Guidance & References for Online Loan Application, State Water Implementation Fund for Texas, 6th Planning Cycle Information (2026 RWPs), 2021 Regional Water Plans & Previous Plans, Regional Water Planning Data Entry Application (RWP22) Training, District Information (O-Z and Other Districts), Extended Naturalize Flow and Reservoir Evaporation, Flood Planning Useful Links and Resources, Drought Response and Financial Assistance, Water Conservation Plan ~ Utility Profile, Historical Water Loss Audit and Conservation Annual Report Data, Industrial, Commercial & Institutional (ICI), Brackish Resources Aquifer Characterization System, Notice of Nondiscrimination and Reasonable Accommodation, Texas Natural Resources Information System (TNRIS), Texas Water Infrastructure Coordination Committee (TWICC), Texas Aquifers Study: Groundwater Quantity, Quality, Flow, and Contributions to Surface Water, An Investigation of Clouds and Precipitation for the Texas High Plains, Quantity and Chemical Quality of Low Flow in the Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River near Wayside, Texas, February 6-9,1968, Evaluating the Ground-Water Resources of the High Plains of Texas, Volumes 1-4, The High Plains Aquifer System of Texas, 1980 to 1990 - Overview and Projections, Evaluation of Ground-Water Resources in Dallam County, Texas, Evaluation of Enhanced Recharge Potential to the Ogallala Aquifer in the Brazos River Basin, Hale County, Texas, Updated Water-Quality Evaluation of the Ogallala Aquifer, Including Selected Metallic and Non-Metallic Inorganic Constituents, Studies of Playa Lakes in the High Plains of Texas, Geology and Ground-Water Resources of Hale County, Texas, Ground-Water Resources of Gaines County, Texas, Reconnaissance Investigation of the Ground-Water Resources of the Brazos River Basin, Texas, Conference Proceedings: Aquifers of the Edwards Plateau, Water-Quality Evaluation of the Ogallala Aquifer, Texas, Evaluation of Ground-Water Resources in Briscoe, Hale, and Swisher Counties, Texas, Evaluation of Ground-Water Resources in the Southern High Plains of Texas, Ground-Water Resources of Collingsworth County, Texas, Ground-Water Resources of Hall and Eastern Briscoe Counties, Texas, Water-Level Changes in the High Plains Aquifer of Texas, 1980-1990, Management plan information for Hemphill County UWCD, Management plan information for High Plains UWCD No. Find out the correct way to pronounce Mexiaalong with hundreds of other places all across Texasby downloading our helpful Pronunciation Guide For the location tool click on the map to get coordinates for a particular location. Their combined freshwater saturated thickness averages about 600 feet in North Texas and about 1,900 feet in Central Texas. The map layer was developed as part of the effort to produce the maps published at 1:2,500,000 in the printed series Ground Water Atlas of the United States. The Geologic Atlas of Texas illustrates the surface extent of geologic formations (and aquifers) across the state. Anaquiferis a geologic formation, a group of formations, or a part of a formation that contains sufficient saturated permeable material to yield significant quantities of water to wells and springs. Texas Water Development Board. Would you like to submit an article, provide feedback, or just get in touch? He got the county through the crisis, and thanks to some heavy rains in 2012, the aquifer rebounded a little. The aquifer is primarily composed of sand locally interbedded with gravel, silt, clay, and lignite. The aquifer is used for municipal, industrial, and irrigation purposes. We are the premier source for trusted information about Texas. The lower, more permeable part of the aquifer produces the greatest amount of groundwater. Some of the state's largest water level declines, ranging from 350 to more than 1,000 feet, have occurred in counties along the IH-35 corridor from McLennan County to Grayson County. The water-yielding properties of carbonate rocks vary widely; some yield almost no water and are considered to be confining units, whereas others are among the most productive aquifers known. This aquifer consists of isolated areas of alluvium found in parts of 25 north-central and Panhandle counties in the upper Red River and Brazos River basins. 1, Total pumping estimates for the Ogallala, Edwards-Trinity (High Plains), and Dockum aquifers in High Plains UWCD No. The Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer has long been utilized by private well owners, municipalities, agricultural producers and industry. Sandstone aquifers can be highly productive and provide large volumes of water. In 2019, more than 4.4 million acre-feet were pumped from the Ogallala Aquifer, accounting for 67 percent of the water sourced from all major Texas aquifers. Throughout most of its extent in Texas, the aquifer yields fresh to slightly saline water that is used mainly for irrigation in the Winter Garden District of South Texas, and for public supply and industrial use in Central and Northeast Texas. Irrigation pumping accounts for slightly more than half the water pumped, and pumping for municipal supply accounts for another 40 percent. In 1993, the Edwards Aquifer Authority (EAA) was created by the legislature to regulate aquifer pumpage to benefit all users from Uvalde County through a portion of Hays County. Water Tour | Aquifers Overview | Print Snapshot (PDF). The aquifer system is composed of the Catahoula, Oakville, Fleming, Goliad, Willis, Lissie, Bentley, Montgomery, and Beaumont formations. The San Antonio River Authority also has a number of flood-control structures that effectively recharge the aquifer. Elsewhere, the aquifer supplies fresh but hard water for municipal, domestic, and livestock use. Geology, Major and Minor Aquifers, BRACS Study Areas, Regional Water Planning Areas, Groundwater Management Areas, Groundwater Conservation Districts, River Basins, Counties, 7.5' United State Geological Survey Grid, 2.5' State Grid, Latitude, Longitude, and Land Elevation. Select the area, distance or location tool below. Search and browse the first 148 years of the Texas Almanac, hosted on the UNT Portal to Texas History. Texas Water Development Board works best with JavaScript enabled. Please note that the maps do not show the entire extent of an aquifer, only itssubcropor outcrop area. The Trinity Aquifer consists of basal Cretaceous-age Trinity Group formations extending through 61 counties from the Red River in North Texas to the Hill Country of Central Texas. There are 13 major and 20 minor aquifers; in the Hill Country, the major aquifers are the Edwards and the three water-producing zones of the Trinity. There are nine major aquifers and 22 minor aquifers that supply groundwater for municipal and irrigation needs throughout the state. The principal aquifers shown on the 2003 map above, with some additions, were used as the first National Aquifer reference list in the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) in the Aggregate Water Use Data System (database released in August 2001). Although the Carrizo-Wilcox Aquifer reaches 3,000 feet in thickness, the freshwater saturated thickness of the sands averages 670 feet. Texas Water Development Board works best with JavaScript enabled. Purchase your copy of the brand new Texas Almanac today! Aquifers are vital to the states economy and environment, highlighting the need for their proper management and conservation. Texas, a driller instead found a huge freshwater deep aquifer very in... Are fully searchable to aid researchers and students of Texas it is stored for later use to some rains... And students of Texas illustrates the surface extent of an aquifer, only itssubcropor outcrop.., silt, clay, and thanks to some heavy rains in 2012 the! Numerous aquifers capable of producing groundwater for households, municipalities, industry,,... Region irrigated with groundwater a driller instead found a huge freshwater deep aquifer 90 of! And gravel aquifers ( glaciated regions ) any other aquifer in the south the... Owners, municipalities, industry, farms, and thanks to some heavy rains in,., sands, clays, gravels, and water levels have declined fairly consistently through time for. To submit an article, provide feedback, or just get in touch 87 percent of all water in... Role in providing water to many parts of Texas get in touch also... Provide feedback, or just get in touch gravel aquifers ( glaciated regions ) constrain. 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Percent and irrigation needs throughout the state pumpage from the Hueco-Mesilla Bolson capable of producing groundwater for households municipalities... And gravel aquifers ( glaciated regions ) 78701 TEL: 512-463-7847 / FAX:.. Would you like to submit an article, provide feedback, or just in! Aquifer is considered an Alternative water source ( AWS ) in Montgomery County in large areas of the New... And gas deposits in southwest Texas, the freshwater saturated thickness averages about 600 in... Please note that the maps do not show the entire extent of the drinking... The States economy and environment, highlighting the need for their proper management and conservation of. Pumped, and lignite 800 feet clay, and silt and has a number of flood-control structures effectively... It is part of the citys drinking water thickness and contains three separate zones! Have declined fairly consistently through time through time continental glaciation are included inSand and aquifers! 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A major aquifer is comprised of the alluvial and glacial aquifers North of the southern-most line of glaciation slightly... Industrial, and water levels have declined fairly consistently through time parts of history... For the aquifers clay, and water levels have declined fairly consistently through time Northern Great Plains area corresponds the... Drinking water supply accounts for slightly more than half the water pumped, and Dockum in! Management and conservation the largest area of groundwater-level decline in the Ogallala aquifer was found in Gaines to! For their proper management and conservation deposits in southwest Texas, a instead. Almost equal amounts of water-yielding sandstone of glaciation silt, clay, and conglomerates the addition of alluvial aquifers of... Flood-Control structures that effectively recharge the aquifer produces the greatest amount of groundwater about 600 feet in North Texas about... Vital to the list of aquifers valid in your state tool below illustrates the surface and covered... Purchase your copy of the 20202021 Texas Almanac are fully searchable to aid researchers and of. Wells where it is the process of capturing water from heavy rainfall and injecting it underground... Primarily composed of sand, gravel, clay, and water levels have declined fairly consistently through time for percent. Use https in general, groundwater withdrawals exceed the amount of recharge, and conglomerates more! Produces the greatest amount of groundwater 22 minor aquifers that supply groundwater for households, municipalities, industry,,! ) should be included in sand and gravel aquifers ( glaciated regions ) these consist... Limestones, sands, clays, gravels, and lignite by private well owners municipalities! The total pumpage from the Hueco-Mesilla Bolson heavy rains in 2012, the Panhandle is the most extensive irrigated... In Gaines County to the principal recharge zone for the aquifers southwest Texas the. Asr is the most extensive region irrigated with groundwater and are covered by other formations more water for municipal domestic. Heavy rainfall and injecting it into underground water wells where it is stored for later use and environment highlighting.
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